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 China to Required Foreign Vessels to Report in ''TERRITORIAL WATERS" China has notified new maritime rules, warranting vessels to report their information when passing through what China sees as its “Territorial Waters”, that will take effect  from 1 st  September 2021. South China Sea The South China Sea is  an arm of western Pacific Ocean in Southeast Asia. It is south of China, east & south of Vietnam, west of the Philippines and north of the island of Borneo. Bordering states & territories (clockwise from north):  the People’s Republic of China, the Republic of China (Taiwan), the Philippines, Malaysia, Brunei, Indonesia, Singapore and Vietnam. It is  connected by Taiwan Strait  with the East China Sea and  by Luzon Strait  with the Philippine Sea. It contains numerous shoals, reefs, atolls and islands. The Paracel Islands, the Spratly Islands and the Scarborough Shoal are the most important. Strait of Malacca It is a waterway th...

  Milky seas Phenomenon Milky seas , also called  mareel , is a luminous phenomenon in the ocean in which large areas of seawater (up to 6,000 sq mi or 16,000 km 2 ) appear to glow translucently ( shades of blue). Such occurrences glow brightly enough at night to be visible from satellites orbiting Earth. Mariners and other seafarers have reported that the ocean often emits a visible glow which extends for miles at night. In 2005, scientists announced that for the first time, they had obtained photographic evidence of this glow. It is most likely caused by bioluminescence. Effect Between 1915 and 1993, 235 sightings of milky seas were documented,  most of which are concentrated in the northwestern  Indian Ocean  and near  Indonesia .  The luminescent glow is concentrated on the surface of the ocean and does not mix evenly throughout the  water column . In 1985, a ...

  Iraq hosts summit aimed at easing regional tensions In a bid to become regional mediator and amid fears of ISIL resurgence, Baghdad hosts meeting with Saudi and Iranian officials attending Iraq hosted a regional conference on Saturday (28 August 2021) aimed at easing tensions in the Middle East while emphasising the Arab country’s new role as a mediator. Heads of state attending included Egyptian President Abdel Fattah al-Sisi, King Abdullah II of Jordan, Qatari Emir Sheikh Tamim bin Hamad Al Thani and French President Emmanuel Macron.

  Indus Valley Civilisation The  Indus Valley Civilisation  ( IVC ), also known as the  Indus Civilisation ,  was a  Bronze Age   civilisation  in the northwestern regions of  South Asia , lasting from 3300 BCE to 1300 BCE, and in its mature form from 2600 BCE to 1900 BCE.  Together with  ancient Egypt  and  Mesopotamia , it was one of three early civilisations of the  Near East  and  South Asia , and of the three, the most widespread, its sites spanning an area stretching from today’s northeast  Afghanistan , through much of  Pakistan , and into western and northwestern  India .  It flourished in the basins of the  Indus River , which flows through the length of Pakistan, and along a system of perennial, mostly  monsoon -fed, rivers that once coursed in the vicinity of the seasonal  Ghaggar-Hakra river  in northwest India and eastern Pakistan. Indu...

  Mohenjo-daro Mohenjo-daro  ( 'Mound of the Dead Men' ) is an archaeological site in the province of  Sindh ,  Pakistan . Built around 2500 BCE, it was one of the largest settlements of the ancient  Indus Valley Civilisation , and one of the world's earliest major  cities , contemporaneous with the civilizations of  ancient Egypt ,  Mesopotamia ,  Minoan Crete , and  Norte Chico . Mohenjo-daro was abandoned in the 19th century BCE as the Indus Valley Civilization declined, and the site was not rediscovered until the 1920s. Significant excavation has since been conducted at the site of the city, which was designated a  UNESCO   World Heritage Site  in 1980. Etymology The city's original name is unknown. Based on his analysis of a Mohenjo-daro seal, Iravatham Mahadevan speculates that the city's ancient name could have been  Kukkutarma  . According to Mahadevan, an Indus seal has "recorded in the Indus s...

  मोहन जोदड़ो मोहन जोदड़ो  पाकिस्तान के सिन्ध प्रांत का एक पुरातात्विक स्थल है।  सिन्धु घाटी सभ्यता  के अनेकों अवशेष यहाँ से प्राप्त हुए हैं। मोहन जोदड़ो सभ्यता मोहन जोदड़ो का सिन्धी भाषा में अर्थ है "  मुर्दों का टीला  "। यह दुनिया का सबसे पुराना नियोजित और उत्कृष्ट शहर माना जाता है। यह सिंघु घाटी सभ्यता का सबसे परिपक्व शहर है। यह नगर अवशेष सिन्धु नदी के किनारे  सक्खर ज़िले  में स्थित है। मोहन जोदड़ो शब्द का सही उच्चारण है 'मुअन जो दड़ो'। इसकी खोज राखालदास बनर्जी ने 1921 ई. में की। भारतीय पुरातत्व सर्वेक्षण के महानिदेशक जान मार्शल के निर्देश पर खुदाई का कार्य शुरु हुआ। यहाँ पर खुदाई के समय बड़ी मात्रा में इमारतें, धातुओं की मूर्तियाँ, और मुहरें आदि मिले। पिछले 100 वर्षों में अब तक इस शहर के एक-तिहाई भाग की ही खुदाई हो सकी है, और अब वह भी बंद हो चुकी है। माना जाता है कि यह शहर 125 हेक्टेयर क्षेत्र में फैला हुआ था तथा इस में जल कुड भी हुआ करता था! स्थिति- पाकिस्तान के सिंध प्रांत का लरकाना जिला।          मोहन जोदड़ो के पुरा...

 Ashoka The Great Ashoka , known by his  Greek  name  Piodasses , also known as  Ashoka the Great , was an  Indian emperor  of the  Maurya Dynasty , who ruled almost all of the  Indian subcontinent  from  c.  268  to 232 BCE.   A grandson of the Maurya dynasty's founder  Chandragupta Maurya , Ashoka promoted the  spread of Buddhism  across ancient  Asia .  Considered by many to be one of India's greatest emperors, Ashoka expanded Chandragupta's empire to reign over a realm stretching from present-day  Afghanistan  in the west to  Bangladesh  in the east. It covered the entire  Indian subcontinent  except for parts of present -day  Tamil Nadu ,  Karnataka , and  Kerala . The empire's capital was  Pataliputra  (in  Magadha , present-day  Patna ), with provincial capitals at  Taxila  and  Ujjain . 3rd Mauryan Emperor ...